Agricultural machinery – Planting and fertilization machinery

The vacuum seed seeder planting machinery can be divided into three categories according to different planting objects and technological processes: seeders, planting machines, and seedling planting machines. The planting object of a seeder is the seeds of crops or coated seeds made into pellets. It can be divided into three types according to the sowing method: spreaders, drill seeders, and hole seeders. Since the 1950s, various types of precision seeders have been widely developed, which can accurately control the sowing amount, hole (plant) spacing, and sowing depth. The pneumatic precision seeder, developed in the 1970s, utilizes positive or negative pressure airflow to expel a row of seeds at certain intervals, achieving single precision hole sowing. Compared with traditional mechanical seeders, it has the characteristics of precise sowing quantity and no damage to seeds. In addition, there is a mechanical precision seeder. A suspended 6-row intercropping crop seeder with fertilization device, which can be used for drill and hole sowing of intercropping crops such as soybeans, corn, and sorghum. The planting objects of the planting machine are seed blocks of crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, and scallions, as well as seed segments of sugarcane. Due to significant differences in the characteristics and planting requirements of different crop blocks and segments, most planting machines are specialized, commonly used including potato and sugarcane planting machines.The planting objects of the seedling planting machine are seedlings of crops such as rice, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, fruit trees, and flowers, as well as seedlings with nutrient bowls or soil. Planting machines are divided into three types: semi mechanized, mechanized, and automated. A semi mechanized seedling planting machine is a machine that completes the processes of trenching, soil covering, and compaction, while the picking and planting of seedlings are completed by the planter sitting on the machine. The planting action of the mechanized seedling planting machine is also completed by the machine, but the seedlings are still picked up by the planter and placed in the planting mechanism. The automatic seedling planting machine only uses manual labor to load the trays of seedlings (usually those with nutrient bowls) onto the machine’s seedling tray frame, and the machine automatically completes all planting processes while moving. Fertilization machinery is used to apply various chemical fertilizers (granular fertilizer, liquid fertilizer), manure, manure, and compost in the field. It is mainly used to apply base fertilizer in front of farmland, while seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer are generally applied by fertilization devices attached to seeders and cultivators, respectively. Commonly used fertilization machinery includes manure spreaders, fertilizer trailers, liquid fertilizer sprayers, fertilizer spreaders, and ammonia strippers.